Chicago: According to a study children with hearing impairment and autism can restore hearing through cochlear implantation and it can help them understand spoken language and enhance social interactions.
The research has been published in the 'Otology & Neurotology Journal'.
"Our results add to the growing body of evidence that cochlear implantation clearly benefits deaf children with autism spectrum disorder," said senior author Nancy Young, MD, Medical Director of Audiology and Cochlear Implant Programs at Lurie Children's and a Professor of Pediatric Otolaryngology at Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine.
"Improved hearing provides access to spoken language that may enhance their cognitive and communication potential, as well as help these children engage more with their families," she added.
The majority (73 per cent) of children in the study consistently used their cochlear implant throughout the day, of which 45 per cent developed some understanding of spoken words with hearing alone (no visual cues). 45 per cent also used spoken language to some degree as part of their overall communication. 86 per cent were reported by parents to have improved social engagement after implantation.
Responding to a survey, one parent reported, "Without his implant, he was stuck in his own little world, no sound, no eye contact with others.
The implant brought his personality out to us." According to recent estimates, one in 88 children in the US has ASD, a complex developmental disorder characterized by impaired communication and social interaction. 25 to 30 per cent of normal-hearing children with ASD do not develop spoken language as a means of communication.
Therefore, children with ASD in combination with profound hearing loss have two conditions that may limit the development of spoken language. Not surprisingly, the children in this study usually developed understanding and use of spoken language more slowly than implanted children without ASD.
Children with ASD have been reported to have a higher prevalence of sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL) than children without ASD.
Conversely, children with SNHL have been reported to have a higher rate of ASD than those with normal hearing.
Dr Young noted that "the relationship between these two diagnoses for some of these children may be due to congenital cytomegalovirus (CMV), an infection that begins in the developing fetus that often is unrecognized after birth. It may cause hearing loss and is associated with increased incidence of ASD." Most children in the study were diagnosed with ASD after cochlear implantation. Diagnosis after implantation is likely related to the young age at which most received their implant, and to increased difficulty diagnosing ASD when significant hearing loss is present.
