While the artisans from Jammu and Kashmir, who are in danger of forgetting the age- old weaving craft for the Shahtoosh, say that “the ban should be lifted but the state government does not seem to have done much to revive an old
art form”.
Shahtoosh, the very very name signifies royalty and kingship, a Farsi word meaning alt145 King of Woolsalt39. And each shawl, delicate and ethereal, costs hundreds of thousands of rupees in the illegal market. But can the shahtoosh industry, banned in India, be revived again by rearing the delicate Chiru antelopes in farms and obtaining their prized fur without killing the animals? While the artisans from Jammu and Kashmir, who are in danger of forgetting the age- old weaving craft for the shahtoosh, say that the ban should be lifted, the state government does not seem to have done much to revive an art form that could fetch it good money.
Earlier, the wool for Shahtoosh was obtained non- violently. The Chiru antelope would shed its hairs, which were procured by locals, who then sold it to weavers. Shahtoosh products were an important cottage industry in the Kashmir Valley.
But, pushed by the lure of modern consumerism, the wait for the Chiru to shed its hairs naturally in the early summer months was bid adieu, and indiscriminate killing ensued. The Chiru became the target of poachers.
‘It takes five dead Chirus to make one shahtoosh shawl,’Poorva Joshipura, chief functionary of PETA (People for the Ethical Treatment of Animals) India, told IANS. The numbers of the timid and delicate antelope, found in the desolate vastness of the Tibet, Xinjiang and Ladakh regions, began to dwindle alarmingly. The killing of the Chiru, a Schedule I animal according to the Wildlife Protection Act, 1972, is banned in India.
‘Processing or wearing shahtoosh is a punishable offence. Chiru is on the Appendix I of CITES ( Convention on International Trade in Endangered Species), meaning that international trade is prohibited.
It also means hefty fines or even jail for those who carry the shawls,’says Joshipura.
In Jammu and Kashmir, the imprisonment for killing a Chiru is one to three years, with a proposed fine of Rs. 5,000 to Rs. 25,000, says Bashir Ahmed War, retired senior veterinarian of the Jammu and Kashmir Animal Husbandry department.
‘The alt145 Chirualt39or Tibetan Antelope ( Panthalops Hodgsoni) is an inhabitant of Tibet. It migrates to Ladakh in the summer and remains there from May to July,’says War. But despite the controls, the illegal trade continues.
‘Shahtoosh continues to be a high value product in the wildlife market. Seizures of shahtoosh shawls are made regularly by agencies like Customs, CBI and the WCCB, pointing to the fact that the trade is alive,’Samir Sinha, head of WWF- Traffic India, told IANS. And how much does a shahtoosh shawl cost? ‘All I would say is that they can be worth several lakhs each,’says Sinha.
While he could not say how many shahtoosh shawls were being made illegally, he said, ‘It is likely that stockpiled shawls may be finding their way gradually into the markets’. Asked to point out the likely markets, he said they were the ‘fashion markets in the US, Europe and Southeast Asia’. But while the ban on the shahtoosh continues, the weaving industry in Kashmir has suffered collateral damage. ‘We have been hurt the most. The ban has been a kick on our stomachs. We have pleaded to the government of India to rethink the ban. But it has mostly fallen on deaf ears,’Gawhar Maqbool, a wool exporter from Srinagar, told IANS. Can the government not find a middle ground? Laila Tyabji, chairperson of handicrafts society, Dastkar, says that if procured humanely, shahtoosh would be acceptable.
Tyabji told IANS: ‘Sufficient research has not been done in India on finding ways of domestically rearing the Chiru and shearing and spinning its wool without killing it.’It is not that the Kashmir government has not thought of the idea. ‘In
