Lima: Pedro Castillo, a leftist political novice who has promised to be a champion of his country's poor, on Wednesday was sworn in as Peru's new president.
On the 200th anniversary of the country's independence, Castillo vowed to end corruption.
"I swear by God, by my family, by the peasants, by the indigenous peoples, by the ronderos (peasant patrols), fishers, professionals, children, adolescents, that I will exercise the office of President of the Republic," he added.
He has succeeded President Francisco Sagasti, whom Congress appointed in November to lead the South American nation after weeks of political turmoil.
Castillo, a rural teacher who has never held political office, was declared the winner of the June 6 runoff election. He had defeated his opponent, right-wing career politician Keiko Fujimori, by just 44,000 votes.
Peru's poor and rural citizens supported Castillo and his slogan "No more poor in a rich country", while the elites favored Fujimori, the daughter of controversial former president Alberto Fujimori.
Castillo, who up until days ago lived with his family in an adobe deep in the Andes, will face a deeply divided Congress that will make it extremely challenging for him to fulfill his ill-defined campaign promises to aid the poor, who are now estimated to make up about a third of the country's population.
His political savviness will be immediately tested, and his ability to reach agreements could even determine if Congress allows him to finish his term.
"The government of Pedro Castillo still maintains us with considerable uncertainty; we still do not have clear his main lines of policy," said Claudia Navas, an analyst with the global firm Control Risks.
"However, we foresee that possibly, due to the characteristics of the Peruvian political system and the current general political and economic situation of the country, Castillo will maintain a more pragmatic position than he announced during the campaign." "The key is to build those consensuses and add strength to the proposals on how he is going to achieve them," she added.
Castillo's initial proposal to nationalise the nation's mining industry set off alarm bells among business leaders. While that stance has softened, he remains committed to rewriting the constitution that was approved under the regime of Fujimori's father.
Peru is the second largest copper exporter in the world and mining accounts for almost 10 per cent of its GDP and 60 per cent of its exports. Its economy has been crushed by the coronavirus pandemic, increasing the poverty level and eliminating the gains of a decade.
In November, Peru had three presidents in a single week after one was impeached by Congress over corruption allegations and protests forced his successor to resign. Lawmakers then appointed Sagasti.
Thousands of small businesses have closed over the past 16 months, and the political uncertainty following the election has led to the withdrawal of millions of dollars from local banks.
Enrique Castellanos, an economics professor at the Peruvian University of the Pacific, told a radio station that Castillo must build trust in the business community.
"Confidence takes time to maintain and it goes away very quickly," he said.
The pandemic has pushed Peru's medical and cemetery infrastructure beyond capacity. It has also deepened people's mistrust of government as it mismanaged the COVID-19 response and a secret vaccination drive for the well-connected erupted into a national scandal.
Castillo has promised COVID-19 vaccines for all Peruvians.
Castillo until recently was a rural schoolteacher in the country's third-poorest district. The son of illiterate peasants led a teachers' strike in 2017. He is married and has two children.
(With AP inputs)
