London : A new era of Mars exploration for Europe began on Monday as a new mission jointly developed by the European Space Agency (ESA) and the Russian Federal Space Agency (Roscosmos) blasted into the sky on a Russian Proton rocket to find if Red Planet has traces of alien life, reports IANS.
Named “ExoMars 2016”, the first phase of the ESA-Roscosmos mission lifted off from Baikonur Cosmodrome in Kazakhstan on a Russian Proton rocket at around 3 p.m., marking the start of a seven-month journey to the Red Planet.
“Maybe, maybe we can find out if there’s life extant on the red planet,” Mark McCaughrean, senior science adviser at the European Space Agency (ESA), was quoted as saying in a statement. The mission will have the Trace Gas Orbiter (TGO) and Schiaparelli — an entry, descent and landing demonstrator.
TGO will make a detailed inventory of Mars’ atmospheric gases, with particular interest in rare gases like methane, which implies that there is an active, current source. “TGO aims to measure its geographical and seasonal dependence and help to determine whether it stems from a geological or biological source,” the ESA said in a statement.
Meanwhile, Schiaparelli lander will demonstrate a range of technologies to enable a controlled landing on Mars in preparation for future missions. After a seven-month cruise, the lander will separate from the TGO on October 16 and land on Mars on October 19 for several days of activities.
TGO will then enter orbit around the Red Planet ahead of its exciting multi-year science mission. It will also serve as a data relay for the second ExoMars mission, comprising a rover and a surface science platform, planned for launch in 2018. It will also provide data relay for NASA rovers.
“In 2016, at least five new missions are expected to be launched – a record for ESOC – plus two spectacular interplanetary highlights in the autumn: ExoMars arrival at Mars, and the controlled impact of Rosetta on its comet,” added Rolf Densing, ESA’s director for operations. NASA’s Curiosity rover and the ESA’s Mars Express satellite have detected traces of the methane gas in Mars’ atmosphere. Ground-based telescopes spotted methane on Mars in 2003.
Since methane can be the product of biological activity – practically all the existing methane in the Earth’s atmosphere originates in this way – this has created great expectations that Martian methane could also be of a similar origin.
“It is a finding that puts paid to the question of the presence of methane in the Martian atmosphere but it does pose some other more complex and far-reaching questions, such as the nature of its sources,” explained Francisco Javier Martin-Torres from the Andalusian Institute of Earth Sciences (CSIC-UGR) at the University of Granada, Spain.
According to some current models, if there really existed methane in Mars, it would remain for an average 300 years and, be equally distributed across the atmosphere.
